IGNOU IBO-02 June 2022 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Write short notes on any two of the following : 5+5

(a) Stratified Sampling

(b) Marginal Cost Pricing

(c) Contract Manufacturing

(d) Reasons for business firm to go international

Q2.Differentiate between any two of the following : 5+5

(a) Multinational marketing and Global marketing

(b) Manufacturers’ brands and D istributors’ brands

(c) Demographic segmentation and Geographic segmentation

(d) Selling and Marketing PART B Attempt any four questions from this part :

Q3."Companies which have stake in l ong-term business have no alternative , but to constantly undertake development of the product."

(a) Give reasons to justify the above statement. 10

(b) Briefly des cribe the processes involved in new product development.

Q4."It is estimated that about 20 – 30 percent of the world trade takes place in the form of counter trade and is likely to increase in the future."

(a) What are the reasons for use of counter trade in recent years ? 10

(b) Discuss the main types of counter trade.

Q5.(a) Describe briefly the main channels of distribution used in export markets. 10

(b) Which one channel of distribution would you recommend for the product of a small manufacturer and why ?

Q6."Packaging is an important element in the formulation of the marketing plan for a product."

(a) Discuss the protectional and promotional aspects of pack aging for international markets. 10

(b) What are the problems faced by Indian exporters in this connection ?

Q7."Information Technology has been revolutionising marketing operations."

(a) Explain the significance of integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) with marketing processes. 10

(b) Discuss how mergers and ac quisitions affect global competition.

Q8."Effective communication is crucial to a firm ’s success in international markets."

(a) Discuss the promotional to ols used by firms for international marketing communication. 10

(b) Examine the factors influen cing the decisions for having a standardized vis-a-vis customized advertisement with suitable examples.

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