IGNOU BGGCT-131 June 2025 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Answer any five of the following questions : 5x4=20

(a) Define hydrosphere and _ state its relevance.

(b) Describe different characteristics of sedimentary rocks with suitable examples.

(c) Describe the views of Hayford and Bowie related to the concept of isostasy.

(d) Briefly describe the mechanism of continental drift as described by Holmes.

(e) Differentiate between troposphere and stratosphere.

(f) What is isotherm ? Illustrate your example with a suitable diagram.

(g) Differentiate between trade winds and polar winds.

(h) What is mid-oceanic ridge ? Briefly describe any two ridges of the Pacific Ocean.

Q2.Describe two types of seismic waves with suitable examples.

Q3.Describe the causes of sea level change.

Q4.Describe two types of sea level changes with suitable examples. Also describe the two types of landforms formed due to sea level change.

Q5.Describe universe and galaxies. Discuss the classification of galaxies with suitable examples.

Q6.What is diastrophic force ? Explain epeirogenic movements with suitable examples. Illustrate your answer with a suitable diagram.

Q7.Explain heat budget of atmosphere and earth with suitable diagrams.

Q8.What is local wind ? Describe various types of local winds with their characteristics.

Q9.Illustrate your answer with a_ suitable diagram.

Q10.What is ocean current ? Describe the factors that affect the ocean currents.

Q11.What is glacier ? Explain the erosional and depositional landforms of glaciers. Illustrate your answer with suitable diagrams.

Q12.Answer any two of the following questions in about 600 words each : 2x10=20

(a) What is biome ? Describe the different types of biomes.

(b) Discuss the mechanism of plate movement. Illustrate your answer with a suitable diagram.

(c) Define fog. Describe different types of fogs.

(d) What is hydrological cycle ? Discuss the processes involved in the transfer of water in hydrological cycle with a suitable diagram. 5x4=20 [71