BGGCT-131 · December 2023 · English
IGNOU BGGCT-131 December 2023 Previous Year Question Paper
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
Structured previous year question paper for BGGCT-131, December 2023 session.
Max marks: 100 · Questions: 12
Verified: 10 Aug 2026
B. SC. (GENERAL)
(BSCG)
Term-End Examination
December, 2023
BGGCT-131 : PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100
Note :
(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Marks are mentioned against each
question.
Note : Answer Question No. 1 to 5 in 500 words
each.
Q1.Describe in detail the three main layers of earth’s interior and their characteristics.
Q2.What is isostasy ? Explain the basic principles of isostasy and principle of buoyancy by citing suitable examples.
Q3.What is sedimentary rock s ? Discuss in detail the classification scheme of the same with suitable examples. 10 [ 2 ] BGGCT–131 Describe in detail the base and mechanism of convection current theory of Holmes.
Q4.What is volcano ? Discuss in detail various types of volcanoes with suitable examples.
Q5.What is Climatology ? Discuss the basics of climatology with its scope and sub -divisions identified by Ayoade.
Q6.Explain in detail the various factors affecting the horizontal distribution of temperature.
Q7.What is wind ? Describe in detail the local winds, their types and characteristics.
Q8.What is cloud ? Discuss in detail various types of clouds and highlight their salient features.
Q9.What is tide ? Explain any three major theories of origin of tides. [ 3 ]
Q10.Answer any five of the following questions in about 250 words each : 5×6=30
(i) Differentiate between Big -Bang Hypothesis and Cepheid Hypothesis of A. C. Banerjee.
(ii) Differentiate between terrigenous and pelagic deposits.
(iii) What is igneous rock ? Discuss igneous rocks on the basis of place of origin and chemical composition.
(iv) What is ionosphere or thermosphere ?
Q11.Discuss various layers of ionosphere.
(v) What is seasonal wind ? Discuss monsoon winds and their characteristics.
(vi) What is precipitation ? Describe three types of precipitation.
(vii) Differentiate between seamounts and guyots vs. oceanic trenches and deeps. [ 4 ]
Q12.Write short notes on any five of the following in about 150 words each : 5×4=20
(i) Body waves
(ii) Waves and ocean currents
(iii) Convection currents
(iv) Earthquake
(v) Adiabatic warming and cooling
(vi) Basins of the Pacific Ocean
(vii) Ocean deposits [ 5 ] BGGCT–131 2023 -131 [ 6 ] BGGCT–131 [ 7 ] BGGCT–131
(iii) [ 8 ] BGGCT–131
(iv)
(vi)
(vii)
(iii)
(iv)
(vi)
(vii)