BPYC-131 · December 2025 · English
IGNOU BPYC-131 December 2025 Previous Year Question Paper
INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
Structured previous year question paper for BPYC-131, December 2025 session.
Max marks: 100 · Questions: 7
Verified: 24 Aug 2026
B. A. (GENERAL) PHILOSOPHY (BAG)
Term-End Examination
December, 2025
BPYC-131 : INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100
Note:
(i) Answer all the five questions.
(ii) All questions carry equal marks.
(iii) Answer to Question Nos. 1 and 2
should be in about 400 words each.
Q1.Discuss in detail the salient features of Indian Philosophy.
Q2.Write an essay on the Buddhist theory of dependent origination.
Q3.Explain the concept of Anumana in Nyaya philosophy. How does Carvak refute Anumana as a valid source of knowledge ?
Q4.Discuss in detail the philosophical underpinnings of the Gita.
Q5.Answer any two of the following questions in about 200 words each :
(a) Explain Upamana Pramana in Nyaya philosophy. 10
(b) Discuss Anirvachaniya Khyativada. 10
(c) Explain the idea of Samadhi in Yoga philosophy. 10
(d) Discuss Anekantavada of Jainism.
Q6.Answer any four of the following questions in about 150 words each :
(a) Explain Asatkaryavada. 5
(b) Evaluate the idea of Vivartavada. 5
(c) Write a critical note on Anupramana of Madhvacharya. 5
(d) Write a note on Vaiéesika’s theory of creation. 5
(e) Write a note on Vedangas. 5
(f) Write a note on the idea of liberation in Kashmir Shaivism.
Q7.Write short notes on any five of the following in about 100 words each :
(a) Triratna 4
(b) Bhuma Vidya 4
(c) Viparit Khyativada 4
(d) Svarthanumana 4
(e) Bhakti Yoga 4
(f) Shabda Pramana 4
(g) Purusartha 4
(h) Idea of Ultimate Reality in Samkara’s Vedanta