IGNOU MED-002 December 2025 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.(a) Explain the objectives of sustainable development with suitable examples. 5

(b) Explain the impact of industrialisation on nature and natural resources.

Q2.(a) What is ‘Gender Disparity’ ? Explain with suitable examples. 5

(b) Describe the human activities that affect the carrying capacity. Suggest measures to increase carrying capacity.

Q3.(a) Describe ‘Multidimensional Approach’ to study sustainable development.

Q4.Explain its importance in devising workable solutions to the problems we face today. 5

(b) Explain the traditional views about sustainable development. How would the poverty reduction strategies support the traditional communities ?

Q5.(a) Describe how the economies have contributed to unsustainable practices through armament. 5

(b) How can you support energy conservation ?

Q6.(a) Mention the major indicators of inequality. How does inequality impact sustainable development ? 5

(b) Describe the initiatives by the Indian Government to achieve sustainable development.

Q7.(a) Elaborate with suitable examples, any two global issues that pose a hurdle for sustainable development. 5

(b) Discuss a few methods of reducing the ill-effects of climate change.

Q8.(a) Describe the role played by the Indian Judiciary in protecting the environment. Mention any five suitable case studies. 5

(b) Describe any two International Conventions, highlighting their role in sustainable development.

Q9.(a) Explain how the _ integration of traditional knowledge and_ scientific knowledge could help sustainable development. 5

(b) What are the initiatives taken by the Indian Government to promote innovation ? Explain how it will help in sustainable development.