IGNOU MED-002 June 2023 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.(a) Define sustainable development . What is sustainability ? State the three specifications prescribed by Harman Daly for maintaining sustainability. 5

(b) Mention five factors in approaching self - regulation while framing developmental policy. 5 [ 2 ]

Q2.(a) State the four basic characteristics of nature in ecosystem approach. List any three actions suggested by Peter Umara Ojunga for its application. 5

(b) Define sustainable livelihood . Give any three capital assets with examples by which individuals draw their livelihood.

Q3.(a) Briefly explain any five points to be considered by farmers and livestock producers for sustainable animal production practices. 5

(b) State any five consequences of industrialisation leading to environmental degradation.

Q4.(a) Describe five significant factors that led to divergence in the growth patterns between developed and developing countries. 5

(b) Discuss intellectual property rights. List any three areas where IP R requirements are important. What is the role of TRIPs in the context of IPR ?

Q5.(a) What are the full forms of CPCB and SPCB ? Describe their roles and responsibilities. 5

(b) What is ESCAP ? State any of its four main goals.

Q6.(a) Describe any five major challenges in taking global initiatives for environmental protection. 5

(b) Discuss the role of NGOs in protecting the environment.

Q7.(a) Define traditional knowledge. List any four principles in building partnership between scientific communitie s and traditional knowledge holders. 5

(b) What are five M’s in the context of production technology ? List any five benefits of alternative manufacturing paradigm.

Q8.(a) What is ethnoforestry ? Explain and state ethano-silviculture refugia purposes served by it. 5

(b) What is cooperative marketing ? List any four of its main functions. 5 2023 -002

(ii) (CPCB) (SPCB) (ESCAP) [ 8 ]