IGNOU BPYC-133 December 2022 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Write a note on ‘Hypothetical Syllogism’ with a special emphasis on its various sub-types. Give suitable examples for each.

Q2.Distinguish between deductive and inductive reasoning. What are the problems with inductive reasoning ? Explain.

Q3.Write a note on the ‘Fallacy of Presumption’.

Q4.What are the problems with the ‘traditional square of opposition’ ? What is the significance of ‘Venn diagrams’ in understanding and resolving those problems.

Q5.Answer any two of the following questions in about 250 words each : 2x10=20

(a) What is a proposition ? Differentiate between classical and modern conceptions of proposition. 10

(b) Write a note on the concept of validity highlighting and elaborating upon the following issues : 10 (@) What is validity ? Gi) What is the relation between truth and validity ?

(ii) What is the significance of validity in deductive logic ?

(c) What is the Venn diagram technique ? Explain. Check the validity of the given syllogistic moods using Venn diagram technique : 10 @ EAE-2 Gi) ATI-2 Gii) AOO-1

(d) G@ What is meant by ‘conversion by limitation’ ? Explain with the help of an example.

(ii) Write the conversion, obversion and contraposition of the following propositions :

(A) “Some philosophers are not writers.”

(B) “No Sundays are holidays.” 4+6=10

Q6.Answer any four of the following questions in about 150 words each : 4x5=20

(a) Check the validity of the following argument using direct and indirect truth table techniques : 5 PD~Q ~QOR POR

(b) What is the difference between the notion of argument as it appears in deductive logic and the notion of inference as conceived in Indian logic ? 5

(c) If‘Some philosophers are poets’ is True, then what is the truth value of the following propositions ? 5x1=5

(i) All philosophers are poets.

(ii) No philosophers are poets.

(iii) All poets are philosophers.

(iv) | Some poets are not philosophers.

(v) Some poets are philosophers.

(d) What is a particular negative proposition ? Explain. Also represent it through its associated Venn diagram. 5

(e) Distinguish between the Nydya and Buddhist conceptions of ‘inference’. 5

(f) Distinguish among tautologous, contradictory and contingent logical forms.

Q7.Write short notes on any five of the following in about 100 words each : 5x4=20

(a) Pure Hypothetical Syllogism 4

(b) Connotation 4

(c) Propositional Form 4

(d) Figure 4

(e) Material Implication 4

(f) Vyapti 4

(g) Class 4

(h) Modus Ponens 4 BPYC-133 4

(i) EAE-2 Gi) ATI-2

(ii) AOO-1 (conversion), Yeatada (obversion) Wa ar” 44+6=10 BPYC-133 6 PD~Q ~QOR POR Ponens)