IGNOU BPYE-141 December 2025 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Write an essay on the problem of ‘Free Will’.

Q2.Discuss in detail the criterion and nature of reality in Advaita Vedanta and Nyaya- Vaisesika Philosophy.

Q3.Define causation. Discuss in detail Hume’s critique of causation.

Q4.How is the concept of ‘Being’ understood in Ancient and Modern Philosophy ? Explain.

Q5.Answer any two of the following questions in about 200 words each :

(a) Discuss the problem of Universal and Particular in Nyaya Philosophy. 10

(b) Explain the nature and limits of Freedom. 10

(c) Discuss Thomas Aquinas’ concept of ‘First Cause’. 10

(d) What postulates are common to Metaphysics and Science ? Explain.

Q6.Answer any four of the following questions in about 150 words each :

(a) Write a note on the Union of Substance and Accidents. 5

(b) Explain the idea of Individuation in Aristotle’s Philosophy. 5

(c) Describe matter and form in Aquinas’ Metaphysics. 5

(d) Write a note on Martin Buber’s concept of human person. 5

(e) Write a note on Pratityasmutpada. 5

(f) Briefly discuss the Buddhist criterion of Reality.

Q7.Write short notes on any five of the following in about 100 words each :

(a) Method of Deduction 4

(b) Asatkaryavada 4

(c) Entity as Supposit 4

(d) Formal Cause 4

(e) Dialectic Method 4

(f) Spinoza’s Law of Causation 4

(g) Appearance and Reality 4

(h) Mimamsa of Universal and Particular Idea 4 aed set wa seats am A aq की

(4) afera & BT F years (entity as supposit) 4

(A) arent @ru (formal cause)