IGNOU BEGS-183 December 2022 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.What are the probabl e hard spots in English grammar for second language learners of English ? Discuss any two of them in detail.

Q2.Discuss with suitable examples, the process approach to writing. III. Write a well-structured composition (with a clear beginning, body a nd conclusion) on the following topic : 7 Steps to be taken for water conservation in our neighbourhoods IV. Write a formal letter to your College Principal requesting better computer facilities on your campus. 5 V. Your College Environment Club has c onducted a successful tree plantation initiative on your campus. Write a brief report on this initiative. 6 VI. Read the passage given below and answer the questions : Wildlife conservation is the preservation and protection of animals, plants and their habitats. By conserving wildlife, we are ensuring that future generations can enjoy our natural world and the incredible species that live within it. To help protect wildlife, it is important to understand how species interact within their ecosystems, and how they are affected by environmental and human influences. Climate change is slowly increasing average annual temperatures. One of the most noticeable ways that climate change is impacting wildlife is by disrupting the timing of natural events. With warmer temperatures, flowering plants are blooming earlier in the year, and migratory birds are returning from their wintering grounds earlier in the spring. Every species has an impact on those in its food chain and community, and the timing of one species’ natural events can be very important for the survival of another species. Plants absorb light energy from the sun, convert it into sugars and produce energy for other wildlife. When animals eat their prey, they consume more than just energy. They also absorb all the chemicals and nutrients inside the pr ey. Sometimes animals ingest pollutants that can be stored in their fat and tissues. Human -caused pollution has added heavy metals, oil and industrial and pharmaceutical chemicals to the environment. Plant s, fish and other species absorb these to xins and as they are eaten by predators, the to xins are then absorbed into the predators’ tissues. As the chain of predator and prey continues up the food web, the to xins become more concentrated and move higher and higher up the food web. The pollutants can have a disastrous effect on the food web and potentially kill species. BEGS-183 4 Human acti ons have contributed to many disturbances seen in ecosystems today. While natural disturbances happen on occasion s, human disturb ances are putting constant pressure on ecosystems. Human disturbances including tree fe lling, habitat destruction and pollution, are continuously affecting ecosystems. Many ecosystems that we depend on are not given enough time to adapt, putting too much pressure on ecosystems. Questions :

(i)

(a) What is a topic sentence ? 1

(b) In your opinion, which is the topic sentence in this passage ? 1

(ii) Give a suitable title to the passage. 1

(iii) Write a summary of the above passage in your own words (around 75 words).