IGNOU BEGC-132 December 2025 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Answer with reference to the context any four of the following : 4x5=20

(a) Iam not skilled in book knowledge Nor do I understand controversy Ihave grown mad, reciting and hearing God’s praises O father, Iam mad, the whole world is sane.

(b) Iam neither happy nor unhappy I belong neither to water nor to the earth lam neither fire nor air I know not who I am

(c) Is reaching the shore a greater prize than losing myself with you ? If you are only the haven, as they say, then what is the sea ? Let it surge and toss me on its waves, I shall be content.

(d) Long as tresses the night of parting, The day of love is short as life, If I see not my love, O friend, How can I spend dark nights of grief ?

(e) iran away in the darkness nothing beaconed me more than the prospect-of-solitude-and-the-caress- of-a-million-stars iran into the arms of the ravishing night nothing pulled me back :

(f) “O my son, tall and big, While yet an infant, a sapling Didn’t I tell you To be an ordinary tree ? The king’s men have found you out And brought your life with gold and silver.

(g) But you stand still where the string was broken, ‘You never guess how many forms you gave me, I, like Lalla, rose in the late hours of the night, and lulled you in my lap and woke you up.

Q2.“Indian literary history has the distinction of ’unity of heritage’ and ‘diversity of literature’.” Discuss.

Q3.Why are Bhakti and Sufi movements known as socio-religious movements ?

Q4.Comment on Amrit Rai’s understanding of Hindavi.

Q5.Discuss the role and function of the Ghazal form in the early medieval period.

Q6.Why does Dalit literature reject tradition ?

Q7.Why is it difficult to put the literature of the entire North-East under a common fold?

Q8.Why is Chandrabati Ramayana considered a ‘silenced text’ ?