IGNOU MED-008 December 2024 Previous Year Question Paper

Q1.Answer any three of the following questions in about 250 words each : 8255-15

(a) What are hurricanes and cyclones ?

Q2.Explain briefly giving their area of occurrences.

(b) Discuss important aspects of 1972 UN Conference on Human Environment.

(c) Illustrate the instance when NGOs have entered into conflict with socio-political movements.

(9) Explain briefly Indian — experiences relating to the protection of biodiversity and traditional knowledge.

(e) What are ‘Environmentally Sound Technologies’ ? Give their important characteristics.

Q3.Answer any four of the following questions in about 250 words : 4x5=20

(a) Differentiate between ‘Sudden’ and ‘Tnsidious and Continuing Disasters’ giving examples.

(b) Explain Biodiversity Convention and Cartagena Protocol.

(c) Name any two Governmental Organizations and any two Non- Government Organizations dealing with environmental concerns in India along with their roles.

(d) State important aspects of Amartya Sen’s concept of development. (ec) What are TNCs ? Briefly discuss their role in the era of economic globalization.

(f) What is the full form of WCED ? What are the three main mandates of WCED ? Which important report was published as an output of WCED in 1987 ?

Q4.Answer any three of the following questions in about 250 words each : 8255-15

(a) Give five reasons to explain how free trade is harmful to the environment.

(b) Name any five multilateral agreements related to biodiversity.

(c) Discuss the issues related to ‘Chilka Bachao Andolan’.

(d) Explain the philosophy and the important aspects of ‘Environmental Ethics’ ?

(e) What are the advantages and problems related to globalization ? aif